PHASE LOCKED LOOP Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 90

Reset All

Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Maximum Output Frequency	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
SKY72310-362LF	Skyworks Solutions	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	24	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		NO LEAD			3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-XQCC-N24	3	3.3 V	1 mm	4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	IT IS ALSO AVAILABLE IN DIVIDE RATIO 32 TO 543 IN INTEGER-N MODE			40	260	4 mm
HCF4046M013TR	STMicroelectronics	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V	5/15		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	20 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e4			9.9 mm
TLC2933IPW	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	35 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25		.65 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	3.15 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.85 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE FROM A 4.75V TO 5.25V SUPPLY		e4	30	260	5 mm
TLC2934IPWR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	15 mA	1		GULL WING			3.3 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25		.65 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	3.45 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3.15 V			e4	30	260	5 mm
AD800-52BRRL	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	-5.5 V	-5.2 V	5 V			SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	3		2.64 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		ALSO OPERATES ON -5.2 VOLT SUPPLY	-4.5 V	e0		240	12.8 mm
CD74HC7046AMT	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.16 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e4	30	260	9.9 mm
CD74HC4046AMT	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.16 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e4	30	260	9.9 mm
MC14046BDWG	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V	5/15		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3	18 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE AT 10V OR 15V NOMINAL		e3	30	260	10.3 mm
LM565CN/NOPB	National Semiconductor	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	-12 V	-5 V	6 V	+-6		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	Matte Tin (Sn)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T14	1	12 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	5 V		-5 V	e3	40	260	19.18 mm
TLC2933IPWG4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	35 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25		.65 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	3.15 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.85 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE FROM A 4.75V TO 5.25V SUPPLY		e4	30	260	5 mm
TLC2933IPWRG4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	35 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V	3/5		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	3.15 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.85 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE FROM A 4.75V TO 5.25V SUPPLY		e4	30	260	5 mm
TLC2934IPWRG4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING			3.3 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25		.65 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	3.45 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3.15 V			e4	30	260	5 mm
MC14046BFELG	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V	5/15		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3	18 V	2.05 mm	5.275 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE AT 10V OR 15V NOMINAL		e4	30	260	10.2 mm
MC14046BFG	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V	5/15		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3	18 V	2.05 mm	5.275 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	IT CAN ALSO OPERATE AT 10V OR 15V NOMINAL		e4	30	260	10.2 mm
MC74HC4046ADG	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			4.5 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V	CONTAINS THREE PHASE COMPARATORS		e3	30	260	9.9 mm
MC74HC4046ADR2G	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			4.5 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V	CONTAINS THREE PHASE COMPARATORS		e3	30	260	9.9 mm
MC74HC4046AFG	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			4.5 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3	6 V	2.05 mm	5.275 mm	Not Qualified	2 V	CONTAINS THREE PHASE COMPARATORS		e4	30	260	10.2 mm
CD74HC4046ANSRE4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.16 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e4	NOT SPECIFIED	260	10.2 mm
CD74HC4046APWRE4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.16 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			3 V	2/6		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e4	NOT SPECIFIED	260	5 mm
TLC2932IPWRG4	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V	3/5		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.25 V	1.2 mm	4.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.75 V	ALSO REQUIRE 3V SUPPLY		e4	30	260	5.1 mm
MC74HC4046BDTR2G	Onsemi	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.16 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING			5 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25		.65 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm		2 V			e4	30	260	5 mm
LMX2615W-MPR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	64	HQFP	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	FLAT			3.3 V		15000 GHz	FLATPACK, HEAT SINK/SLUG	QFL64,.43SQ,20		.5 mm	25 Cel	-25 Cel	NICKEL GOLD	QUAD	S-PQFP-F64	1	3.45 V	2.31 mm	10.9 mm		3.2 V			e4			10.9 mm
AD9574BCPZ-REEL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-XQCC-N48	3	3.63 V	.8 mm	7 mm		2.97 V				30	260	7 mm
AD9574BCPZ	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-XQCC-N48	3	3.63 V	.8 mm	7 mm		2.97 V				30	260	7 mm
ADF4355BCPZ-RL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	32	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-XQCC-N32	3	3.45 V	.8 mm	5 mm		3.15 V			e3	30	260	5 mm
ADF4355-3BCPZ-RL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	32	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1	BICMOS	NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	105 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-XQCC-N32	3	3.4485 V	.8 mm	5 mm		3.1515 V	INPUT FREQUENCY IN SINGLE-ENDED MODE 250MHZ; WHEN DOUBLER ENABLED= 100MHZ		e3	30	260	5 mm
LMX2581ESQE/NOPB	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	32	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY				NO LEAD			3.3 V	3.3	3800 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC32,.2SQ,20	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-PQCC-N32	3		.75 mm	5 mm	Not Qualified				e3	30	260	5 mm
LMX2592RHAR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		9800 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.45 V	1 mm	6 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
LMX2582RHAR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		5500 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.45 V	1 mm	6 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
LMX2582RHAT	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		5500 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.45 V	1 mm	6 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
ADF4152HVBCPZ	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	32	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1	BICMOS	NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-XQCC-N32	3	3.6 V	.8 mm	5 mm		3 V				30	260	5 mm
LMX2594RHAR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		15000 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.45 V	1 mm	6 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
LMX2595RHAR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		19000 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD SILVER	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.45 V	1 mm	6 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
LMX2572RHAR	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	40	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V		6400 GHz	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	S-PQCC-N40	3	3.5 V	1 mm	6 mm		3 V			e4	30	260	6 mm
CS2100CP-EZZ	Cirrus Logic	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	10	TSSOP	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	18 mA	1	HYBRID	GULL WING			3.3 V			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP10,.19,20		.5 mm	105 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	S-PDSO-G10		3.5 V	1.1 mm	3 mm		3.1 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	3 mm
ADF4372BCCZ-RL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HLGA	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		BUTT			3.3 V			GRID ARRAY, HEAT SINK/SLUG			.5 mm	105 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	BOTTOM	S-XBGA-B48	3	3.45 V	1.158 mm	7 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	7 mm
ADF4371BCCZ-RL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HLGA	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		BUTT			3.3 V			GRID ARRAY, HEAT SINK/SLUG			.5 mm	105 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	BOTTOM	S-XBGA-B48	3	3.45 V	1.158 mm	7 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	7 mm
ADF4371BCCZ	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HLGA	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		BUTT			3.3 V			GRID ARRAY, HEAT SINK/SLUG			.5 mm	105 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	BOTTOM	S-XBGA-B48	3	3.45 V	1.158 mm	7 mm		3.15 V			e4	30	260	7 mm
ADF5610BCCZ-RL7	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HLGA	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		BUTT			3.3 V			GRID ARRAY, HEAT SINK/SLUG			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		BOTTOM	S-XBGA-B48	3	3.45 V	.85 mm	7 mm		3.15 V						7 mm
ADF5610BCCZ	Analog Devices	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	48	HLGA	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1		BUTT			3.3 V			GRID ARRAY, HEAT SINK/SLUG			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		BOTTOM	S-XBGA-B48	3	3.45 V	.85 mm	7 mm		3.15 V						7 mm
CD-700-LAC-GCB-16M3840000	Microchip Technology	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	COMMERCIAL	16	QCCN	RECTANGULAR	YES	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED		1		NO LEAD			3.3 V			CHIP CARRIER	LCC16,.2X.3,40		1.02 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		QUAD	R-CQCC-N16		3.63 V	2.13 mm	5.08 mm		2.97 V						7.49 mm
LMX2615-MKT-MS	Texas Instruments	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	MILITARY	64	QFP	SQUARE	YES	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED		1	BICMOS	FLAT			3.3 V		15000 GHz	FLATPACK	QFL64,.43SQ,20		.5 mm	125 Cel	-55 Cel		QUAD	S-CQFP-F64		3.45 V	2.31 mm	10.9 mm		3.2 V						10.9 mm

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.