SURFACE MOUNT Variable Resistors 108

Reset All

Part	Manufacturer	Resistor Type	Mounting Type	Resistance	Rated Power Dissipation (P)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Tolerance	No. of Turns	Rated Temperature	Orientation (Actuator)	Technology	Shape (Package)	Law Of Resistance	Construction	Packing Method	Size Code	No. of Terminals	Package Style (Meter)	Terminal Shape	Sub-Category	Minimum Operating Temperature	Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel)	Terminal Finish	Height (Package)	Manufacturer Series	Operating Voltage	Additional Features	Type (Actuator)	Length (Package)	JESD-609 Code	Series	Reference Standard	Width (Package)	Ganging Number	Angle Of Rotation
3269W-1-102G	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	1000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2517	3	SMT	L BEND		-65 Cel	100	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	7.44 mm		300 V		SCREW	6.35 mm	e0			4.32 mm	1
3269X-1-503GLF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	50000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2517	3	SMT	L BEND		-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	7.44 mm		300 V		SCREW	6.35 mm	e3			4.32 mm	1
84XR10KLFTR	Tt Electronics Plc	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Square	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2517	3	SMT	FLAT	Variable Resistors	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	7.49 mm		200 V		SCREW	6.35 mm	e3			4.32 mm	1	4320 deg
TSM4YL103KR05	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1419	3	SMT	FLAT	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm		50 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	3.5 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZJ101KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	FLAT	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		5 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZJ104KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	FLAT	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		158 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZJ201KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	FLAT	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		7.07 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZL103KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		50 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZL201KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		7.07 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4ZL504KR10	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.08 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	TR	1819	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.5 mm		200 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	4.6 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
3314H-1-503	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	50000 ohm	.25 W	125 Cel	20 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TUBE	2018	3	PCB Mount	FLAT	POTENTIOMETER	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	2.55 mm	3314			SCREW	5 mm	e3	3314		4.5 mm		240 deg
3314S-1-202E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	2000 ohm	.25 W	125 Cel	20 %	1	70 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2018	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.61 mm				SCREW	5.01 mm	e3		AEC-Q200	4.5 mm	1	210 deg
3314S-3-201E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	200 ohm	.25 W	125 Cel	20 %	1	70 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2018	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	5.61 mm				SCREW	5.01 mm	e3		AEC-Q200	4.5 mm	1	210 deg
EVM1DSX30B14	Panasonic	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.2 W	100 Cel	25 %	1		VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer	TR, 7 INCH	1815	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	POTENTIOMETER	-40 Cel	250	TIN/PALLADIUM	1.4 mm		50 V		SCREW	4.5 mm	e3/e4			3.8 mm		260 deg
PVZ3A104C01R00	Murata Manufacturing	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	100000 ohm	.1 W	85 Cel	30 %	1	50 Cel	VERTICAL	CARBON	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1312	3	SMT	J BEND	Variable Resistors	-25 Cel	500	Gold (Au)	1.85 mm		50 V		SCREW	3.2 mm	e4			3.1 mm	1	230 deg
3269P-1-203GLF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	20000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2525	3	SMT	L BEND		-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.21 mm		300 V		SCREW	6.35 mm	e3			6.35 mm	1
ST-4ETD103	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.25 W	125 Cel	20 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Sealed	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2820	3	SMT	GULL WING	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Tin (Sn) over Copper (Cu)	2.3 mm	ST-4	50 V		SCREW	7.2 mm		ST-4		5 mm		3600 deg
3223W-1-204E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	200000 ohm	.125 W	150 Cel	20 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Sealed	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1616	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	3.18 mm		200 V		SCREW	4 mm	e3			3.96 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4YJ102KB25	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	BULK	1419	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm		15.8 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	3.5 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4YJ204KB25	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET		LINEAR	Rectangular	BULK	1419	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm		200 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	3.5 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
TSM4YJ103KB25	Vishay Intertechnology	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT		.25 W	155 Cel	10 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	BULK	1419	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm		50 V	STANDARD: IEC60393-1	SCREW	3.5 mm	e3		CECC41000	4.8 mm	1	3960 deg
PVZ2A104A01R00	Murata Manufacturing	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	100000 ohm	.1 W		30 %	1	50 Cel	VERTICAL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR		TR		3		WRAPAROUND				Gold (Au)		PVZ2			SCREW		e4
3223W-1-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.125 W	150 Cel	20 %	11	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Sealed	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1616	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	3.18 mm		200 V		SCREW	4 mm	e3			3.96 mm	1	3960 deg
3224G-1-100E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1918	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	3.9 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			4.6 mm		4320 deg
3224J-1-200E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	20 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1918	3	SMT	HOOK	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	3.71 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			4.6 mm		4320 deg
3224J-1-205E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	2000000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1918	3	SMT	HOOK	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	3.71 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			4.6 mm		4320 deg
3224J-1-504E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	500000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1918	3	SMT	HOOK	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	3.71 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			4.6 mm		4320 deg
3224W-1-504E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	500000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm	1	4320 deg
3224W-2-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm	1	4320 deg
3224W-2-104E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	100000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm	1	4320 deg
3224W-2-502E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	5000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm	1	4320 deg
3224W-2-503E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	50000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm	1	4320 deg
3224X-1-100E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm		4320 deg
3224X-1-204E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	200000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm		4320 deg
3224X-1-500E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	50 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm		4320 deg
3224X-1-504E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	500000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1914	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.1 mm				SCREW	4.8 mm	e3			3.5 mm		4320 deg
3269W-1-204LF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	200000 ohm	.25 W	150 Cel	10 %	12	85 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TUBE	2517	3	SMT	GULL WING	POTENTIOMETER	-65 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	7.44 mm		300 V		SCREW	6.35 mm	e3			4.32 mm		4320 deg
3302X-3-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.15 W	85 Cel	25 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Trimmer Pot	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1109	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	Variable Resistors	-40 Cel	250	Tin/Copper (Sn/Cu) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier	1.05 mm				SCREW	2.75 mm	e2			2.2 mm		260 deg
3314S-1-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.25 W	125 Cel	20 %	1	70 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2018	3	SMT	J BEND	POTENTIOMETER	-55 Cel	100	Matte Tin (Sn)	5.61 mm				SCREW	5.01 mm	e3		AEC-Q200	4.5 mm	1	210 deg
3361P-1-102GLF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	1000 ohm	.5 W	125 Cel	10 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2826	3	SMT	L BEND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	4.88 mm		300 V		SCREW	7.04 mm	e3			6.71 mm	1	240 deg
3361P-1-104GLF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	100000 ohm	.5 W	125 Cel	10 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2826	3	SMT	L BEND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	4.88 mm		300 V		SCREW	7.04 mm	e3			6.71 mm	1	240 deg
3361P-1-200GLF	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	20 ohm	.5 W	125 Cel	10 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2826	3	SMT	L BEND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN	4.88 mm		300 V		SCREW	7.04 mm	e3			6.71 mm	1	240 deg
3361P-1-502G	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	5000 ohm	.5 W	125 Cel	10 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2826	3	SMT	L BEND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	Tin/Lead (Sn90Pb10)	4.88 mm		300 V		SCREW	7.04 mm	e0			6.71 mm	1	240 deg
3361S-1-502G	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	5000 ohm	.5 W	125 Cel	10 %	1	70 Cel	HORIZONTAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 13 INCH	2619	3	SMT	L BEND	Variable Resistors	-55 Cel	100	TIN LEAD	7.37 mm		300 V		SCREW	6.71 mm	e0			4.88 mm	1	240 deg
3364A-1-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.2 W	100 Cel	25 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1715	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	POTENTIOMETER	-40 Cel	250	Matte Tin (Sn)	1.5 mm				SCREW	4.2 mm	e3			3.8 mm		260 deg
3364W-1-103E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	.2 W	100 Cel	25 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1815	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	POTENTIOMETER	-40 Cel	250	Matte Tin (Sn)	1.5 mm				SCREW	4.5 mm	e3			3.8 mm		260 deg
3364W-1-502E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	5000 ohm	.2 W	100 Cel	25 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1815	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	POTENTIOMETER	-40 Cel	250	Matte Tin (Sn)	1.5 mm				SCREW	4.5 mm	e3			3.8 mm		260 deg
3364W-1-503E	Bourns	TRIMMER	SURFACE MOUNT	50000 ohm	.2 W	100 Cel	25 %	1	70 Cel	VERTICAL	CERMET	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	LINEAR	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1815	3	SMT	WRAPAROUND	POTENTIOMETER	-40 Cel	250	Matte Tin (Sn)	1.5 mm				SCREW	4.5 mm	e3			3.8 mm		260 deg

Variable Resistors

Variable resistors, also known as potentiometers or rheostats, are electrical components that can adjust the resistance in a circuit. They typically consist of a resistive element and a movable wiper, which can be adjusted by a knob or a slider. By changing the position of the wiper, the resistance between two terminals of the resistor can be varied, allowing for precise control of the amount of current flowing through the circuit.

Variable resistors are commonly used in a variety of electronic applications, such as audio equipment, lighting controls, and motor speed controls. They can also be used as voltage dividers, where the resistance value can be adjusted to achieve a desired output voltage. Variable resistors come in various shapes and sizes, including rotary potentiometers, slide potentiometers, trimmers, and preset resistors.

One of the main advantages of variable resistors is their versatility, as they can be used to control a wide range of electrical parameters, such as voltage, current, and power. They can also be used for calibration and testing purposes, as they allow for precise adjustment of circuit parameters. However, variable resistors also have some limitations, such as limited lifetime due to wear and tear, and the potential for noise and instability at higher resistance values.