| Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Circuit Protection Type | Mounting Feature | Rated AC Voltage | Rated DC Voltage | Rated Current | Terminal Shape | Minimum Operating Temperature | Terminal Finish | Rated Breaking Capacity | Manufacturer Series | Trip Time/Delay | Additional Features | Actuator Type | Packing Method | Body Length/Diameter | Body Width | Environmental Characteristics | JESD-609 Code | Dimensions | Circuit Function | Body Height | Reference Standard | No. of Poles | Maximum Operating Temperature | Blow Characteristic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
277 V |
2 A |
Snap On |
-25 °C (-13 °F) |
5 kA |
Handle |
3.543 in (90 mm) |
0.709 in (18 mm) |
3.543 x 0.709 x 2.992 in (90 x 18 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CE; CSA; EN; UL |
1 |
45 °C (113 °F) |
||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
277 V |
10 A |
Snap On |
-25 °C (-13 °F) |
5 kA |
Handle |
3.543 in (90 mm) |
0.709 in (18 mm) |
3.543 x 0.709 x 2.992 in (90 x 18 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CE; CSA; EN; UL |
1 |
45 °C (113 °F) |
||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
2.5 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Interrupting current max at 450 VDC: 10000 A |
Rocker |
3.543 in (90 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP00; IP20 |
3.543 x 1.772 x 2.953 in (90 x 45 x 75 mm) |
Trip |
2.953 in (75 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
|||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
60 V |
6 A |
Snap On |
-25 °C (-13 °F) |
Interrupting current max: 14000 A as per UL/CSA |
Handle |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
0.693 in (17.6 mm) |
IP20; IP40; Sealed |
3.535 x 0.693 x 3.031 in (89.8 x 17.6 x 77 mm) |
Trip |
3.031 in (77 mm) |
CCC; CE; UL; VDE |
1 |
55 °C (131 °F) |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
10 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
4 kA |
Interrupting current max at 450 VDC: 10000 A |
Handle |
4.173 in (106 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
4.173 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (106 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
|||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
4 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
4 kA |
Handle |
4.173 in (106 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
4.173 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (106 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
2 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
2.079 in (52.8 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 2.079 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 52.8 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
3 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
2 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
1 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
2.079 in (52.8 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 2.079 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 52.8 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; KC; RCM; UL; VDE |
3 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
4 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
10 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
1 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
16 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
4 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; KC; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
6 A |
Snap On |
10 kA |
3.535 in (89.8 mm) |
1.386 in (35.2 mm) |
IP20 |
3.535 x 1.386 x 2.992 in (89.8 x 35.2 x 76 mm) |
Trip |
2.992 in (76 mm) |
CCC; CE; IMQ; RCM; UL; VDE |
2 |
||||||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
6.3 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
4 kA |
Handle |
4.173 in (106 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
4.173 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (106 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
800 mA |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Handle |
3.819 in (97 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
3.819 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (97 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
1.25 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Handle |
3.819 in (97 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
3.819 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (97 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
400 mA |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Handle |
3.819 in (97 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
3.819 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (97 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
800 mA |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Handle |
3.819 in (97 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
3.819 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (97 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
12.5 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
4 kA |
Handle |
3.819 in (97 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
3.819 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (97 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; KC; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
5 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
4 kA |
Handle |
4.173 in (106 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
4.173 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (106 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Siemens |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
2.5 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
10 kA |
Handle |
4.173 in (106 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
4.173 x 1.772 x 3.815 in (106 x 45 x 96.9 mm) |
Trip |
3.815 in (96.9 mm) |
ATEX; CCC; CE; CSA; EAC; IECEX; UL; VDE |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
Instantaneous |
||||||||
|
|
Legrand |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
400 V |
32 A |
Snap On |
-25 °C (-13 °F) |
50 kA |
Toggle Handle |
Bulk |
4.106 in (104.3 mm) |
2.102 in (53.4 mm) |
Manual On/Off |
3.11 in (79 mm) |
IEC |
2 |
70 °C (158 °F) |
||||||||||
|
|
Phoenix Contact |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
277 V |
125 V |
2 A |
Screw And Snap On |
-35 °C (-31 °F) |
5 kA |
Interrupting current max(DC): 7500 A |
Bulk |
3.205 in (81.4 mm) |
1.39 in (35.3 mm) |
IP20 |
2.587 in (65.7 mm) |
CUL; IEC 60947-2; UL |
2 |
70 °C (158 °F) |
|||||||||
|
|
Phoenix Contact |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
277 V |
60 V |
2 A |
Screw And Snap On |
-35 °C (-31 °F) |
5 kA |
Interrupting current max(DC): 7500 A |
Bulk |
3.205 in (81.4 mm) |
0.693 in (17.6 mm) |
IP20 |
2.587 in (65.7 mm) |
CUL; IEC 60947-2; UL |
1 |
70 °C (158 °F) |
|||||||||
|
|
Phoenix Contact |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
277 V |
125 V |
10 A |
Screw And Snap On |
-35 °C (-31 °F) |
5 kA |
Interrupting current max(DC): 7500 A |
Bulk |
3.205 in (81.4 mm) |
1.39 in (35.3 mm) |
IP20 |
2.587 in (65.7 mm) |
CUL; IEC-60947-2; UL |
2 |
70 °C (158 °F) |
|||||||||
|
|
Phoenix Contact |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
250 V |
80 V |
5 A |
Snap On |
0 °C (32 °F) |
1 kA |
Push Button |
3.15 in (80 mm) |
0.492 in (12.5 mm) |
Corrosion/Moisture Resistant; IP20; IP40 |
Tease-Free And Trip-Free |
2.697 in (68.5 mm) |
CSA; IEC; UL; VDE |
1 |
55 °C (131 °F) |
Medium |
||||||||
|
|
Phoenix Contact |
Thermal Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
24 V |
10 A |
Snap On |
-25 °C (-13 °F) |
Manual On/Off |
Bulk |
3.543 in (90 mm) |
0.484 in (12.3 mm) |
IP30 |
Trip |
3.043 in (77.3 mm) |
CE; CUL; DNVGL; EN; UL |
1 |
50 °C (122 °F) |
||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
690 V |
1.6 A |
Snap On |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
3.858 in (98 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.677 in (68 mm) |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
||||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
16 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
10 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
10 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
50 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
1.6 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
250 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
400 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
630 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
1 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
13 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
10 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
250 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
1 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
2.5 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
160 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
4 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rotary Knob |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Manual On/Off |
3.728 in (94.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
20 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
10 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
4 A |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
160 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
400 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
100 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
|||||||||||
|
Omron |
Thermal Magnetic Circuit Breaker |
DIN Rail Mount |
440 V |
630 mA |
Screw |
-20 °C (-4 °F) |
50 kA |
Rocker |
5.118 in (130 mm) |
1.772 in (45 mm) |
IP20 |
Trip |
2.941 in (74.7 mm) |
CCC; CE; CUL; IEC; PSE; TUV; UL |
3 |
60 °C (140 °F) |
A circuit breaker is an automatic electrical switch that is designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent or short circuits. Circuit breakers are commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems, and they are an important safety device that helps prevent electrical fires, equipment damage, and personal injury.
Circuit breakers work by monitoring the amount of current flowing through an electrical circuit. If the current exceeds a preset level, the circuit breaker will trip, or open the circuit, to prevent damage to the electrical system. When the circuit breaker trips, it interrupts the flow of current, which stops the electrical current from flowing and prevents further damage.
Circuit breakers are available in a variety of types and sizes, and they can be classified based on their voltage rating, current rating, and interrupting capacity. Some common types of circuit breakers include thermal circuit breakers, magnetic circuit breakers, and hybrid circuit breakers.
In addition to protecting electrical systems from overcurrent and short circuits, circuit breakers also help improve the reliability and efficiency of electrical systems. They can also be used to switch electrical circuits on and off, which can be helpful in certain applications.